Abbreviations apoB apolipoprotein B AS160 Akt substrate 160-kDa protein ASC apoptosis-associated specklike CARD domain–containing protein ATF activating transcription factor ATG autophagy-related gene Bad Bcl2-associated agonist of cell death BIP binding Ig protein CD cluster of differentiation CHOP C/EBO homologous protein…
Abbreviations ALD alcoholic liver disease AH alcoholic hepatitis AUDIT Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test G-CSF granulocyte colony stimulating factor HCV hepatitis C virus mDF modified discriminant function MELD Model for End-Stage Liver Disease NIAAA National Institute of Alcoholism and Alcohol…
Abbreviations ADH alcohol dehydrogenase AH alcoholic hepatitis AHHS Alcoholic Hepatitis Histologic Score ALD alcoholic liver disease ALDH aldehyde dehydrogenase ALT alanine aminotransferase ANI alcoholic liver disease/nonalcoholic fatty liver disease index AST aspartate aminotransferase CYP2E1 cytochrome P450 2E1 IL-10 interleukin-10 MELD…
Abbreviations 2-AG 2-arachidonoylglycerol ACC acetyl-CoA carboxylase ADH alcohol dehydrogenase AH alcoholic hepatitis ALD alcoholic liver disease ALDH aldehyde dehydrogenase ALT alanine aminotransferase AMPK AMP-activated protein kinase AP-1 activator protein-1 transcription factor ASH alcoholic steatohepatitis AST aspartate aminotransferase BAC blood alcohol…
Abbreviations ACLF acute-on-chronic liver failure ALF acute liver failure HCC hepatocellular carcinoma INR international normalized ratio LT liver transplantation MELD Model for End-Stage Liver Disease SLK simultaneous liver-kidney transplantation Introduction Cirrhosis had traditionally been classified into two stages: compensated cirrhosis…
Abbreviations ALF acute liver failure APAP acetaminophen BCAA branched-chain amino acid CPP cerebral perfusion pressure GABA γ-aminobutyric acid CRRT continuous renal replacement therapy CVP central venous pressure HAV hepatitis A virus HBV hepatitis B virus HCV hepatitis C virus HDV…
Abbreviations ADP adenosine diphosphate AT antithrombin DDAVP desmopressin EPO erythropoietin FFP fresh frozen plasma GAVE gastric antral vascular ectasia G-CSF granulocyte stimulating factor INR international normalized ratio LMWH low molecular weight heparin PCC prothrombin complex concentrate PSC primary sclerosing cholangitis…
Abbreviations BNP brain natriuretic peptide CBDL common bile duct ligation CCM cirrhotic cardiomyopathy HO-1 heme oxygenase-1 HPS hepatopulmonary syndrome iNOS inducible nitric oxide synthase mPAP mean pulmonary artery pressure PAH pulmonary arterial hypertension POPH portopulmonary hypertension TDI tissue Doppler imaging…
Abbreviations ADQI Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative AKI acute kidney injury AKIN Acute Kidney Injury Network ATN acute tubular necrosis C-AKI cirrhosis–acute kidney injury CKD chronic kidney disease DAMP damage-associated molecular pattern GFR glomerular filtration rate HRS hepatorenal syndrome HRS1 Type…
Abbreviations AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ARPKD autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease BRTO balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration of varices DSRS distal splenorenal shunt EMT epithelial-mesenchymal transactivation FHVP free hepatic vein pressure GAVE gastric antral vascular ectasia GVE gastric vascular ectasia HHT…