Between 350,000 and 600,000 people in the United States (US) develop venous thromboembolism (VTE) each year, with at least 100,000 deaths from VTE annually. The incidence of VTE is higher among currently or recently hospitalized patients, the annual cost of…
Acute venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), are the most common preventable causes of hospital death and a source of substantial long-term morbidity. The impact on health is so great that the Surgeon General…
Management of infected arterial aneurysms remains a daunting surgical challenge. These infections can occur in any named vessel and often affect elderly patients with multiple medical comorbidities. Medical treatment alone with culture-directed antibiotics rarely eradicates the infection, and excision of…
Introduction Most lower extremity ischemic symptoms occur in patients with atherosclerotic occlusive disease. Nonatheromatous causes must be considered, however, in the absence of significant atherosclerotic risk factors, especially in younger individuals. The two most common nonatheromatous causes of popliteal artery…
Introduction Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is an idiopathic, nonatheromatous, noninflammatory, proliferative disease of the musculature of arterial walls, first described in 1938 as a rare cause of renovascular hypertension with a “string-of-beads” appearance. The pathogenesis is still unknown, but up to…
Raynaud phenomenon (RP) was first described by Maurice Raynaud (1834–1881) in 1862 when he reported 25 patients with intermittent digital ischemia and recognized the relationship of local cold and emotional stress in the causation of the episodes. RP is an…
The primary structural proteins of connective tissue are collagen and elastin, which vary in type and amount within each of the body’s tissues; those constitutive of blood vessels are listed in Table 141.1 . A connective tissue disease is a…
Introduction Takayasu’s arteritis is an immune arteritis causing inflammation of the aorta, its major branches, and pulmonary arteries. It is predominantly a disease of young women, with onset typically in the second or third decade of life. The disease is…
Acknowledgments We sincerely thank Drs. Shigehiko Shionoya and Jeffrey W. Olin, the authors of this chapter in previous editions, for their outstanding work, which has provided invaluable insights into Buerger disease, and Drs. Isinsu Kuzu and Suat Aytac of the…
Vasculitis refers to a group of inflammatory disorders that result in inflammation and necrosis of blood vessels with subsequent impairment of flow resulting in ischemia and infarction of distal tissues. , Often, vascular surgeons are the first physicians consulted in…