Case 1: Unknown primary squamous cell carcinoma T0N1, p16 positive a) Clinical scenario A 46-year-old woman, never smoker, with excellent performance status and otherwise healthy, with a new diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) from unknown primary stage T0N1 (as…
Recommended breast cancer proton therapy indications Indications 1) Accelerated partial breast irradiation ■ The safety and efficacy of proton partial breast irradiation (PBI) is established for early-stage breast cancer. Proton PBI provides a more homogeneous dose distribution and reduction in…
Introduction Intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) using pencil beam scanning (PBS) technology has revolutionized the practice of particle therapy in recent years. , In PBS delivery, a particle pencil beam is magnetically scanned in the plane transverse to the beam direction,…
Introduction Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancies, accounting for approximately 234,000 new cases and 160,000 deaths per year in the United States. Treatment for lung cancer depends on the disease stage at presentation, with disease at early…
Introduction Esophageal cancer (EC) is the sixth leading cause of cancer death worldwide and is responsible for 400,000 new cases (4.9% of all cancers) cancer deaths annually. The incidence of EC differs greatly according to geographic region, with the highest…
Introduction Sarcomas are a rare and heterogenous group of malignant tumors that arise from soft tissues or bone. They constitute less than 1% of all adult malignancies and approximately 12% of pediatric cancers. Approximately 80% to 84% of sarcomas originate…
Introduction Approximately 10,500 cases of childhood cancer are diagnosed each year, which represent about 1% of all new cancers in the United States. Nearly 45% of these cancers will either be acute lymphoblastic leukemia or brain and other central nervous…
Introduction As early as the 1970s, proton therapy was considered a promising treatment for hematologic malignancies, specifically for use in total nodal irradiation, the historic standard of care treatment for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). In one report, it was recognized that…
Introduction Radiation therapy, whether used as definitive treatment or as an adjuvant to surgery, is an essential component of treatment for many patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). Both photon (x-ray) therapy and proton therapy are standard forms of…
Introduction The use of proton therapy for the treatment of cancer was first proposed by Robert Wilson in 1946. A beam of protons gives most of its dose at a fixed depth in the tissue known as the Bragg peak,…