Summary and Key Features Gradual, subtle, and natural results with a long duration (> 2 years) are achievable with poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA). Thorough facial analysis of changes in all structural tissues will enhance site-specific augmentation of volume loss and enhance…
Introduction Calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA; Radiesse, Merz North America, Raleigh, NC) is an opaque, white-colored filler consisting of CaHA microspheres (25–45 μm in diameter) suspended in an aqueous carboxymethylcellulose carrier gel. The synthetic CaHA microspheres are smooth in shape, uniform in…
RHA Basic Science and Manufacturing Resilient Hyaluronic Acid (RHA) is the name given to a collection of hyaluronic acid (HA) products manufactured by Teoxane SA (Geneva, Switzerland) and marketed in the United States by Revance Therapeutics Inc. (Nashville, TN, USA).…
Summary and Key Features Belotero is a commonly used group of hyaluronic acid fillers. It is cross-linked with 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE), forming a cohesive and polydensified matrix (CPM). There are several products of various thicknesses in the Belotero line,…
Summary and Key Features The Juvéderm family of fillers comprises a collection of commercially available hyaluronic acid fillers that utilize proprietary cross-linking technology designated as Hylacross and Vycross. The Hylacross collection includes Juvéderm Ultra and Juvéderm Ultra Plus. The Hylacross…
Summary and Key Features The Restylane filler family is a safe, reliable class of injectable fillers that have low potential for allergic response. These fillers are not permanent and thus ideal to use for treatment-naïve patients and for injectors of…
Summary and Key Features Temporary fillers are composed of biodegradable materials, including hyaluronic acid, calcium hydroxyapatite, and poly-L-lactic acid. The physical properties of temporary fillers vary and subsequently can have substantially different aesthetic applications. These uses of temporary fillers have…
Summary and Key Features Attractiveness appreciation is an innate human skill involving all the senses. Volume is important in many of the indicators of youth, maturity, attractiveness, symmetry, and gender differentiation. Bone and dentition resorb with age. Most major retaining…
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