Abbreviations AIH autoimmune hepatitis AIH-PBC autoimmune hepatitis–primary biliary cholangitis AIH-PSC autoimmune hepatitis–primary sclerosing cholangitis ALT alanine aminotransferase ANA antinuclear antibodies AST serum asparate ASMA antismooth muscle antibodies GGT gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase HLA human leukocyte antigen IgG immunoglobulin G LKM1 liver-kidney microsomal…
Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology that primarily affects the lungs and lymphoid tissues of the body. The term sarcoidosis stems from a case report by a Norwegian dermatologist, Caesar Boeck, who in describing “multiple benign sarkoid…
Abbreviations CMV cytomegalovirus EBV Epstein-Barr virus HIV human immunodeficiency virus MAI Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare PAS periodic acid–Schiff PCR polymerase chain reaction TB tuberculosis A granuloma is a focus of chronic inflammation consisting of a microscopic aggregation of epithelioid macrophages with or…
Abbreviations AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay HAART highly active antiretroviral therapy HIV human immunodeficiency virus HTLV-I human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus I MRDT malaria rapid diagnostic test OPN osteopontin PCR polymerase chain reaction SEA soluble egg antigens Th…
Abbreviations AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ATP adenosine triphosphate CKS classic Kaposi sarcoma CMV cytomegalovirus EBV Epstein-Barr virus ERCP endoscopic retrograde pancreatography ETC electron transport chain H&E hematoxylin and eosin [stain] HAART highly active antiretroviral therapy HBV hepatitis B virus HCV…
Abbreviations ALT alanine aminotransferase AST aspartate aminotransferase AUC area under the curve CPA collagen proportionate area HAI histologic activity index HCV hepatitis C virus MIA morphometric image analysis The concepts of grading and staging have been borrowed from the world…
Abbreviations ALD alcoholic liver disease HCC hepatocellular carcinoma HBV hepatitis B virus HCV hepatitis C virus HIV human immunodeficiency virus ISC incomplete septal cirrhosis LCC large cell change NASH nonalcoholic steatohepatitis SCC small cell change SVR sustained virologic response Incidence…
Abbreviations cccDNA covalently closed circular deoxyribonucleic acid HBcAg hepatitis B core antigen HBeAg hepatitis B e antigen HBsAg hepatitis B surface antigen HBV hepatitis B virus HCC hepatocellular carcinoma HCV hepatitis C virus HDAg hepatitis delta antigen HDV hepatitis delta…
Abbreviations AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ALF acute liver failure CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CMV cytomegalovirus DENV Dengue virus DHF/DSS dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome EBER Epstein-Barr virus encoded RNA EBV Epstein-Barr virus HBV hepatitis B virus HCV…
Abbreviations AASLD American Association for the Study of the Liver ALD alcoholic liver disease ALT alanine aminotransferase AP alkaline phosphatase ASH alcoholic steatohepatitis AST aspartate aminotransferase BMI body mass index CAB chromotrope aniline blue CASH chemotherapy-associated steatohepatitis CD celiac disease…