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Hand therapy
Synopsis ■ Flexor tendon injuries treated with optimal repair techniques may benefit from an early active motion regimen utilizing short arc active flexion exercises initiated within the first postoperative week. ■ The use of a relative motion extension orthosis has…
Aesthetic hand surgery
Access video content for this chapter online at Elsevier eBooks+ Introduction Hands are an essential part of human interaction, communication, and social integration, and apart from the face, they are the most consistently visible part of the body. Generally, the…
Upper extremity composite allotransplantation
Synopsis ■ Upper extremity allografts consist of multiple tissues of variable immunogenicity such as skin, lymph nodes, bone marrow, nerves, vessels, muscles, and bone. ■ Transplantation can restore the appearance, anatomy, and function of non-salvageable upper extremity loss by replacing…
Treatment of the upper extremity amputee
Access video lecture content for this chapter online at Elsevier eBooks+ Introduction Upper extremity amputees are different from lower extremity amputees in many aspects. The patients tend to be younger, and their amputations are primarily due to trauma and tumors…
Growth considerations in the pediatric upper extremity
Synopsis ■ Skeletal growth is possible because of the presence of an active physis. ■ The physis is a temporary anatomical structure physiologically regulated by several factors. It can be hindered by congenital conditions (chondrodysplasias), direct damage, or interruption of…
Congenital hand VII: Dysplasias – congenital contractures
Synopsis ■ The term arthrogryposis encompasses all congenital joint contractures. This includes arthrogryposis multiplex congenita in which multiple joints are contracted, amyoplasia which includes a characteristic pattern of upper extremity contractures, and distal arthrogryposis which is a set of 10…
Congenital hand VI: Dysplasias – tumorous conditions
Synopsis ■ The OMT (Oberg, Manske, Tomkin) classification divides congenital tumorous conditions of the upper extremity into four broad categories based on the tissue involved: vascular, neurological, connective tissue, and skeletal. ■ While the great majority of congenital lesions are…
Congenital hand V: Deformations and dysplasias – variant growth
Synopsis ■ In the Oberg, Manske, Tonkin (OMT) classification, “Deformation” refers to disruption of a limb that has already been formed. This category previously included constriction band sequence and congenital trigger digits, although the latter has been removed in the…
Congenital hand IV: Malformations – abnormal axis differentiation – hand plate: unspecified axis
Synopsis ■ Syndactyly is one of the most common congenital differences in the upper extremity. It can be classified as incomplete (soft tissue only, not extending to the tip), complete (soft tissue only, extending to the tip), complex (with distal…