Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics

Liver Abscess

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Viral Hepatitis

Viral hepatitis continues to be a major health problem in both developing and developed countries; there has been significant progress in efforts to recognize and to treat infected subjects. This disorder is caused by the 5 pathogenic hepatotropic viruses recognized…

Metabolic Diseases of the Liver

Metabolic liver diseases in children, although individually rare, altogether represent a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. This is because the liver has a central role in synthetic, degradative, and regulatory pathways involving carbohydrate, protein, lipid, trace element, and vitamin…

Cholestasis

Neonatal Cholestasis H. Hesham Abdel-Kader Hassan William F. Balistreri Neonatal cholestasis is defined biochemically as prolonged elevation of the serum levels of conjugated bilirubin beyond the first 14 days of life. Jaundice that appears after 2 wk of age, continues to progress, or…

Manifestations of Liver Disease

Pathologic Manifestations Congenital and acquired alterations in hepatic structure and function (acute or chronic) can be manifest by varying patterns of reaction of the liver to cell injury. Hepatocyte injury can be caused by viral infection, drugs or toxins, hypoxia,…

Morphogenesis of the Liver and Biliary System

During the early embryonic process of gastrulation, the 3 embryonic germ layers (endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm) are formed. The liver and biliary system arises from cells of the ventral foregut endoderm; their development can be divided into 3 distinct processes…

Pancreatic Tumors

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Pancreatic Fluid Collections

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Pancreatitis

Acute Pancreatitis Steven L. Werlin Michael Wilschanski Keywords Acute pancreatitis acute pancreatitis etiology acute pancreatitis diagnosis drug-induced pancreatitis (serum) amylase (serum) lipase Acute pancreatitis (AP), the most common pancreatic disorder in children, is increasing in incidence, and 50 or more cases are…