The lymphoid malignancies comprise one of the most diverse and heterogeneous sets of diseases that exist under a single type of malignancy. In 2012, the American Cancer Society estimated there were about 70,000 cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), and about…
Introduction The genesis of human myeloid leukemia involves the deregulation of the differentiation and maturation programs of the hematopoietic myeloid lineage that originates from primitive stem cells with multilineage potential. Myeloid leukemias have been linked to the acquisition of chromosomal…
Cancer is the most common cause of disease-related death in children beyond the newborn period. Although childhood cancers, as a group, account for only a small proportion of all human cancer, their unique biologic features, cell of origin, and response…
Introduction Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a sharply contrasting disease in the pediatric and adult populations. In children, it is both the most common leukemia and the most common malignancy. Childhood ALL has been emblematic of medical progress, with steady…
Acknowledgments This work was supported in part from research grants from the State of Pennsylvania Tobacco Funds (DLT), NIH R01 GM075205IH (RFM), NIH-NIGMS R01 GM086238 (TL, Ivet Bahar, PI), NIH-NCRR UL1RR024153-05 (TL and JRF, Steve Reiss, PI), and NIH-NCI 1R21CA164433-01A1…
High-resolution genome analysis techniques are now being used in international cancer genome analysis efforts to catalog aberrations driving the pathophysiology of nearly all major cancer types. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA, ) project and the International Cancer Genome Consortium…
Introduction to Next-Generation Sequencing Current DNA sequencing methods differ dramatically from a mere 7 years ago, when next-generation sequencing (NGS) instrumentation was first introduced. Indeed, the science of DNA sequencing is only 35 years old, and its companion discipline known…
Biomarkers of early cancer detection, specific markers of a malignancy type, and predictive markers of response to treatment will aid in the early diagnosis and selection of the most efficient therapies. An exponential growth in technologies has been achieved toward…
Cancer is a complex disease involving both environmental and genetic determinants. The majority of cancers are caused by environmental and lifestyle factors, including smoking, alcohol use, infectious agents, occupation, diet, obesity, and lack of physical activity. However, only a small…
Over the past decade, complementary and at times antithetic views of tumor initiation and progression have emerged, often based on the introduction of novel high-throughput technologies for the characterization of the cell’s genetic and epigenetic landscape. On the one hand,…