See also Probiotics General information The concept of prebiotics, as originally stated [ ], was manipulation of the composition of the gut flora by encouraging the growth of endogenous gut organisms, as an alternative to probiotics (qv), such as Bifidobacterium…
See also Alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists General information Prazosin is an alpha 1 -adrenoceptor antagonist. Its main uses are in the treatment of hypertension, congestive cardiac failure, Raynaud’s syndrome, and the symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia, but it has also been used…
General information Praziquantel, initially introduced as a veterinary cesticidal drug, was found to have efficacy against all the human species of schistosomes (including cerebral forms), fasciolopsiasis, cysticercosis, paragonimiasis (lung fluke), Clonorchis sinensis (oriental liver fluke), and Opisthorchis viverrini infections. It…
See also HMG coenzyme-A reductase inhibitors General information Pravastatin is an HMG coenzyme A reductase inhibitor, used to modify serum lipid concentrations. Drug studies Placebo-controlled studies In a placebo-controlled study of 1142 patients with hypercholesterolemia who took pravastatin for 8–16…
See also Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) General information Pranoprofen is an arylalkanoic acid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug [ ], which has been used topically in the eyes, for example to treat chronic allergic conjunctivitis [ ] and as an anti-inflammatory and…
See also Leukotriene receptor antagonists General information Pranlukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist. It was developed primarily for the Japanese market and there is little international experience of it. To date, adverse events have occurred in under 1% of patients…
General information Pramipexole is a non-ergot dopamine agonist similar to bromocriptine, used in the management of Parkinson’s disease as an adjunct to levodopa. In a systematic review of randomized controlled trials of pramipexole and ropinirole, dizziness, nausea, hypotension, hallucinations, and…
See also Beta-adrenoceptor antagonists General information Practolol is a highly cardioselective beta-adrenoceptor antagonist with partial agonist activity. Practolol was withdrawn from general oral use (because of sclerosing peritonitis and the oculomucocutaneous syndrome) [ ]. The syndrome included a psoriasiform rash,…
General information Potassium perchlorate is a thyrostatic drug that is still used (in a dose of 1000 mg/day or more) as an alternative to the thionamides, especially in cases of allergy and sometimes in cases of amiodarone-induced hyperthyroidism [ ].…
General information Oral potassium chloride is used to prevent or correct potassium depletion due to diuretic use or other conditions. Potassium chloride is available not only for medicinal purposes but also as a food supplement and salt substitute. The main…