General information The cephalosporins represent a family of beta-lactam antibiotics originally derived from the naturally occurring cephalosporin C. Isolation of the cephalosporin C nucleus, 7-aminocephalosporanic acid, made it possible to introduce new groups into this molecule to obtain the current…
See also Beta-adrenoceptor antagonists General information Celiprolol is a beta 1 -selective antagonist with partial beta 2 -agonist activity. In healthy volunteers it caused “particularly unpleasant” subjective adverse reactions, including headache, sleepiness, and feeling cold and generally unwell [ ].…
See also COX-2 inhibitors (coxibs) General information Celecoxib is a selective COX-2 inhibitor. Organs and systems Cardiovascular The risk of cardiovascular events with celecoxib has been studied in a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized double-blind trials of at least…
General information The genera in the family of Celastraceae ( Table 1 ) include bittersweet and khat. Table 1 Genera of Celastraceae Canotia (canotia) Gyminda (false box) Pristimera (pristimera) Cassine (cassine) Lophopyxis Salacia Catha (khat) Maytenus (mayten) Schaefferia (schaefferia) Celastrus…
See also Cephalosporins Organs and systems Nervous system Pseudotumor cerebri has been attributed to ceftriaxone [ ]. Metabolism Although possible interference with the metabolism of carnitine by pivaloylmethyl-esterified beta-lactams is a matter of concern [ ], new similar prodrug derivatives…
General information Adverse effects can arise from physical effects of catheters used for intravenous, intra-arterial, urinary, or spinal access. Adverse reactions can also occur from the latex that some catheters contain or from the antiseptics with which they are sometimes…
General information Caspofungin is approved in patients over 18 years of age for second-line therapy of definite or probable invasive aspergillosis, for primary therapy in non-neutropenic patients with invasive Candida infections, and for empirical antifungal therapy in granulocytopenic patients with…
See also Beta-adrenoceptor antagonists General information Carvedilol is a highly lipophilic non-selective beta-adrenoceptor antagonist with alpha1-blocking action, promoting peripheral vasodilatation. It also has free radical scavenging and antimitogenic effects. The safety and tolerability profile of carvedilol in heart failure appears…
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General information Carnitine Carnitine is a quaternary ammonium compound that is essential in transporting fatty acids from the cytosol into the mitochondria during lipid catabolism. It is found in high concentrations in red meat and dairy products. Other sources include…