General information Chlorhexidine (1,1′-hexamethylene- bis [5-( p -chlorophenyl)biguanide]) is a widely used antibacterial agent with activity against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria (less against Pseudomonas species), and yeasts. It was introduced as an antiseptic in the early 1950s. It has been…
See also Benzodiazepines General information Chlordiazepoxide, which has a long duration of action (half-life = 10–25 hours), is useful for the management of alcohol withdrawal and is arguably better tolerated than other benzodiazepines when used for this indication. As with…
See also Thiamphenicol General information Chloramphenicol is one of the older broad-spectrum antibiotics. It was introduced in 1948 and grew in popularity because of its high antimicrobial activity against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, Rickettsiae , Chlamydia…
See also Dichloralphenazone General information Chloral hydrate, which was synthesized by Justus Liebig in 1832, continues to be used for sleep disorders and for sedation before surgery or radiology, especially in children [ ]. As an alternative to the benzodiazepines,…
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General information Cetrimonium bromide and cetrimide are quaternary ammonium antiseptics, trimethylammonium derivatives, with similar structures. Cetrimonium bromide is hexadecyltrimethylammonium. Cetrimide is a mixture of tetradecyltrimethylammonium (mostly), dodecyltrimethylammonium, and hexadecyltrimethylammonium. They dissociate in aqueous solution, forming a relatively large and complex…
See also Antihistamines General information Cetirizine is a non-sedating metabolite of hydroxyzine [ ]. There is only minor hepatic metabolism of cetirizine [ ], which is excreted unchanged in the urine. It has not been associated with dysrhythmias. Skin reactions…
General information Cesium is a silver-white soft alkaline metallic element (symbol Cs, atomic number 55). It is used industrially in photoelectric cells and as a catalyst for the hydrogenation of some organic compounds. The natural resonance frequency of excited caesium…
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See also HMG coenzyme-A reductase inhibitors General information Weight for weight, cerivastatin is the most potent statin. Like other statins, the chance of rhabdomyolysis increases when cerivastatin is taken together with certain other drugs [ ]. Although cerivastatin is degraded…