General information Colchicine is an antimitotic agent, highly effective in the treatment of gout, but associated with considerable toxicity. Diarrhea is used as a criterion for adequate dosage. Accidental overdosage occurs relatively often and can be dangerous. For these reasons,…
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General information The pharmacodynamic and adverse effects of codeine are mainly due to O-demethylation by CYP2D6 to morphine or a metabolite of morphine [ ]. Poor metabolizers may lack the analgesic effect of codeine. In a retrospective study of patients…
General information Cocamidopropyl betaine is the most commonly used amphoteric surfactant in shampoos, bath products, and other cosmetic products. It is popular because of its relatively low potential for irritation. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for…
General information Cocaine is an alkaloid derived from the plant Erythroxylon coca and other Erythroxylon species in South America. The leaves contain cocaine as the principal alkaloid, plus a variety of minor alkaloids. Only decocainized coca products are legal in…
See also Chromium General information Cobalt is a metallic element (symbol Co; atomic no. 27). It is an important constituent of the cobalamins (vitamin B 12 ) and is found as arsenates and arsenides in naturally occurring minerals such as…
General information Coal tar (also known as liquor carbonis) is a black, viscous liquid by-product obtained during the distillation of bituminous coal and as a by-product in the manufacture of coke. It is used in cosmetic products as a biocide…
See also Individual agents General information The major coagulation and fibrinolytic proteins are listed in Table 1 . Table 1 Proteins involved in coagulation and fibrinolysis Protein (synonym) Function Coagulation proteins Factor I (fibrinogen) Activated to fibrin Factor II a…
General information The genera in the family of Clusiaceae ( Table 1 ) include St John’s wort and brindleberry (gamboge). Table 1 Genera of Clusiaceae Calophyllum (calophyllum) Hypericum (St John’s wort) Platonia (platonia) Clusia (attorney) Mammea (mammea) Triadenum (marsh St…
See also Neuroleptic drugs General information Clozapine is a dibenzodiazepine, an atypical neuroleptic drug with a high affinity for dopamine D4 receptors and a low affinity for other subtypes [ ]. It is also an antagonist at alpha-adrenoceptors, 5-HT2A receptors,…