General information The pharmacology, efficacy, and safety of quetiapine, an atypical neuroleptic drug, have been extensively reviewed [ ]. Quetiapine interacts with a broad range of neurotransmitter receptors and has a higher affinity for serotonin 5HT 2A receptors than dopamine…
See also Benzodiazepines General information Quazepam is a long-acting benzodiazepine with effects similar to those of diazepam. Organs and systems Nervous system The hangover effects of night-time administration of triazolam 0.25 mg, flunitrazepam 1 mg, and quazepam 15 mg were…
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General information Pyrrolizidine alkaloids occur in a large number of plants, notably the genera Crotalaria (Fabaceae), Cynoglossum (Boraginaceae), Eupatorium (Asteraceae), Heliotropium (Boraginaceae), Petasites (Asteraceae), Senecio (Asteraceae), and Symphytum (Boraginaceae) ( Table 1 ) [ ]. Table 1 Pyrrolizidine alkaloids in…
General information Pyritinol (pyridoxine disulfide or pyrithioxine) is a sulfhydryl-containing compound, a dimer of 5-thiopyridoxine. It was used from 1961 onwards as a psychostimulant of doubtful efficacy, but apparently without adverse reactions, and then largely abandoned. When it was re-introduced…
General information Pyrimethamine is the most active antimalarial of the 2–4-diaminopyrimidines, its effect being due to inhibition of the conversion of folic acid to its active form, folinic acid. It is also effective in toxoplasmosis. Its antiprotozoal and antimalarial activity…
See also Vitamins General information Pyridoxine (vitamin B 6 ) requirements vary with protein intake: the daily Average Requirement is 13 micrograms/g protein intake and the Population Reference Intake is 15 micrograms/g protein intake. In adults this translates into a…
See also Antituberculosis drugs General information Pyrazinamide is a pyrazine analogue of nicotinamide. It is bactericidal for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in an acid environment and in macrophages [ ]. Pyrazinamide passively diffuses into Mycobacterium tuberculosis , where pyrazinamidase (nicotinamidase) converts it…
General information Pyrantel is an antihelminthic drug that is effective against intestinal nematodes, including roundworms ( Ascaris lumbricoides ), threadworms ( Enterobius vermicularis ), Trichostrongylus species, and the tissue nematode Trichinella spiralis . Although it is effective against hookworms, it…
General information In 1957, psilocybin was isolated from the Psilocybe mexicana mushroom and it has since been identified as a component of over 75 distinct mushroom species [ ]. Psilocybin-containing mushrooms, also called “magic mushrooms”, are used recreationally, with an…