General information An oral solution of sodium phosphates (dibasic sodium phosphate + monobasic sodium phosphate) is used as a laxative for the relief of occasional constipation and is used as part of a bowel-cleansing regimen in preparing patients for surgery…
See also Antiepileptic drugs General information Phenytoin is the only widely used hydantoin and, unless otherwise specified, reactions discussed here refer to phenytoin. Other hydantoin derivatives include ethotoin, mephenytoin, and albutoin (all of which are obsolete), and fosphenytoin. The latter…
General information In the past, phenylpropanolamine was marketed extensively in over-the-counter products for a variety of indications, and dietary supplements were marketed with no premarket safety evaluation, at least by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), since for dietary supplements…
General information Phenylephrine is seldom given systemically but is still commonly used as a mydriatic for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Ocular application of phenylephrine 10% in pledget form is used to produce hemostasis in laser-assisted in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK) surgery…
General information Phenylbutazone was originally a solubilizing agent for aminopyrine and was first used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and allied disorders in 1949. Phenylbutazone and its related compounds were used worldwide until the early 1980s when, following growing concern about…
General information Phentolamine is a non-selective alpha-adrenoceptor antagonist. It is used to treat hypertensive crises attributable to the effects of noradrenaline, as in pheochromocytoma and during the interaction of monoamine oxidase inhibitors with amine-containing medicaments and foods [ ]. It…
See also Anorectic drugs General information Despite the withdrawal of the fenfluramines, the appetite suppressants phendimetrazine and phentermine have remained in widespread use for the treatment of obesity. With phentermine, adverse reactions due to stimulation of the central nervous system…
General information Phenoxybenzamine is a non-selective irreversible alpha-adrenoceptor antagonist. It is given orally in total daily doses up to 60 mg for management of pheochromocytoma, and lower doses have been used to relieve bladder obstruction before surgery. The maximum effect…
See also Opioid receptor agonists General information Phenoperidine is a potent opioid analgesic often used in neuroleptanalgesia and as a respiratory depressant in ventilated patients. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited…
See also Physical contraceptives—spermicides General information Phenol is a benzyl alcohol and a major oxidized metabolite of benzene that was introduced into medicine as an antiseptic [ ]. Although it can be prepared in an aqueous solution or in glycerine,…