General information Atazanavir is an inhibitor of HIV protease. It is used once daily in a dose of 400 mg or in combination with ritonavir as atazanavir + ritonavir 300 + 100 mg/day [ ]. Organs and systems Metabolism In…
See also Herbal medicines General information There are about 600 genera in the family of Asteraceae (formerly Compositae), including various types of asters (daisies), arnica, chamomile, goldeneye, marigold, snakeroot, tansy, thistle, and wormwood. Delayed hypersensitivity reactions to the Asteraceae (Compositae)…
See also Antihistamines General information Astemizole is a second-generation antihistamine that has been withdrawn from the market because of the association with life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. Organs and systems You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access…
General information Asparaginase is an enzyme that acts by breaking down the amino acid L-asparagine to aspartic acid and ammonia. It interferes with the growth of malignant cells that cannot synthesize L-asparagine. Its action is reportedly specific for the G1…
Genera in the family of Asparagaceae ( Table 1 ) include asparagus, aspidistra, and hyacinth. Table 1 Genera of Asparagaceae Acanthocarpus (popcornflower) Drimiopsis (drimiopsis) Parsonsia (silkpod) Agave (century plants) Eriospermum (eriospermum) Peliosanthes (tropical lily of the valley) Albuca (slime lilies)…
General information The Average Daily Requirement of ascorbic acid is 30 mg. The Population Reference Intake is 45 mg/day for adults. The Lowest Threshold Intake, for which considerable evidence exists, is 12 mg/day [ ]. These estimates have been supported…
See also Clusiaceae ; Herbal medicines General information Genera in the family of Asclepiadaceae ( Table 1 ) include milkweed and periploca. Many of them contain cardiac glycosides. Table 1 Genera of Asclepiadaceae Araujia (araujia) Asclepias (milkweed) Calotropis (calotropis) Cryptostegia…
General information Acesulfame Acesulfame is an artificial sweetener derived from aceto-acetic acid. It is used in a wide range of non-medicinal products [ ]. Aspartame Aspartame is a dipeptide that is used as an artificial sweetener. It is completely hydrolysed…
See also Anesthetics, local General information Articaine is an aminoamide that also contains an ester group, which is rapidly hydrolysed by plasma esterases. It is 4-methyl-3([2-(propylamino)propionamido)]-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid, methyl ester hydrochloride. The thiophene group increases its lipid solubility while the ester…
General information The herb Qinghaosu ( Artemisia annua ) has been known to Chinese medicine for centuries and was used in the treatment of fevers, in particular malaria fever; it is not clear why it did not become more widely…