Introduction This chapter considers hepatic manifestations resulting from diseases of other organs, where liver dysfunction develops secondarily but can be of clinical or morphological significance. Those diseases will be considered here on a systemic basis. Conversely, nonspecific reactive hepatitis, granulomas…
CHAPTER CONTENTS General aspects of liver transplantation 948 Historical overview and survival following liver transplantation 948 Indications for liver transplantation 948 Complications of liver transplantation 949 Pathological assessments in liver transplantation 949 Examination of native hepatectomy specimens 950 Pathological changes…
Because of its anatomical and functional complexity, the liver is involved in as many primary hepatic disorders as extrahepatic or systemic problems. It is always important to think ‘out of the organ’ when dealing with tumours and tumour-like lesions of…
## Drug-induced liver injury: a penalty for progress. Hans Popper, MD Importance of drug-induced hepatic injury Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) represents a spectrum of acute and chronic forms of hepatic injury that can mimic virtually any liver disease. The diagnosis…
Vascular diseases of the liver are less common than other liver diseases, such as hepatitides, cholestatic diseases and alcoholic/nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases, but are gaining increasing recognition because of the improved diagnosis of these other diseases, as well as the…
CHAPTER CONTENTS Normal gallbladder 644 Macroanatomy 644 Microanatomy 645 Immunohistochemistry 646 Embryology 646 Physiology 647 Routine specimen processing 647 Congenital anomalies 647 Gallstones 648 Epidemiology 648 Cholesterol gallstones 648 Pigmented gallstones 648 Clinical features and treatment 649 Complications 650 Hydrops…
. This chapter covers the different diseases in which there is injury to the intrahepatic and/or extrahepatic bile ducts ( Box 9.1 ). The disorders are varied; some, although selectively affecting the bile ducts, are discussed in more detail elsewhere…
CHAPTER CONTENTS Definition 527 Epidemiology 527 Demographic features 528 Elderly patients 528 Pathogenesis 528 Genetic predisposition 529 Triggering factors 529 Humoral immune response 529 Cellular immune response 530 Immune regulation and dysregulation 531 Clinical features 532 Asymptomatic presentation 532 Acute…
## Within the past century, pandemic infections, including the 1918 influenza pandemic, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), H1N1 ‘swine’ influenza, Zika virus and, at the time of writing, SARS-CoV-2, remind us how the ease and frequency of worldwide…
CHAPTER CONTENTS Acute viral hepatitis 402 Clinical features 402 Pathological features 403 Evolution of the lesion 409 Differential diagnosis of acute hepatitis 409 Sequelae of acute hepatitis 411 Chronic viral hepatitis 411 Clinical features 411 Multiple chronic viral infections 412…