Questions Treatment of Hypertension in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Stable Angina Pectoris 1 How does hypertension and its management contribute to coronary artery disease? There is overwhelming evidence that hypertension plays a role in the development of coronary…
Questions 1 How does pregnancy normally affect blood pressure? Renin, angiotensin, and aldosterone are all increased in normal pregnancy so you might predict blood pressure (BP) would increase. However, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) are both…
Questions 1 What is the epidemiology of hypertension in the elderly? In this chapter, we will refer to the “elderly” as those individuals aged 65 years or older, as this is the definition used by the United Nations in its reports…
Questions 1 What is the prevalence of hypertension in Blacks in the United States? According to (the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2017–18, the age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension in adults was noted to be higher in non-Hispanic Blacks…
Questions 1 What is the epidemiology of obesity and hypertension? Overweight and obesity are defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair health (World Health Organization). Body mass index (BMI) is the simplest way to classify overweight (BMI…
Questions 1 What is the definition of hypertension in transplant recipients? The definition of hypertension in transplant recipients follows that of the general population. Most guidelines for the general population define hypertension as a persistent systolic blood pressure on two…
Questions 1 Is hypertension common in patients with diabetes? Diabetes and hypertension share pathophysiologic mechanisms of vascular dysfunction, so they commonly coexist, and hypertension is an important contributor to diabetes-associated vascular complications including kidney disease. According to the Centers for…
Questions Hypertension in chronic kidney disease 1 What is the prevalence of hypertension in chronic kidney disease? Hypertension is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). In the 2015–16 National Health and Nutrition Examination survey, 61.4% of patients with…
Questions 1 How is hypertension defined in children and adolescents? The definition of hypertension in adults is based on data from large clinical trials, which show that as blood pressure (BP) rises, the risk of cardiovascular endpoints such as stroke,…
Questions 1 How common are hereditary forms of hypertension? Evidence from family studies, including monozygotic and dizygotic twins, reveal that up to 50% of hypertension is heritable. However, the collective effect of all the known monogenic causes of hypertension and…