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Small Intestine 1. What are the morphologic features of celiac disease? The normal duodenal mucosa has numerous fingerlike projections, or villi, as shown in Figure 59-1 A, whereas in celiac disease the normal villous architecture is lost (blunted villi and…
1. What is meant by nutritional status? Nutritional status reflects how well nutrient intake contributes to body composition and function in the face of the existing metabolic needs. The four major body compartments are water, protein, mineral, and fat. The…
1. What is ischemic bowel disease? Ischemic bowel disease is caused by tissue hypoxia and ischemic injury of the small or large intestine as a result of a persistent decrease in mesenteric blood flow, decreased oxygen content of red blood…
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1. Define chronic diarrhea. Diarrhea is defined as an increase in the frequency and fluidity of stools. For most patients, diarrhea means the passage of loose stools. Although loose stools are often accompanied by an increase in the frequency of…
Epidemiology 1. What is acute diarrhea? The most important defining aspect of diarrhea is a change in frequency or consistency of bowel movements from baseline. For research purposes, acute diarrhea is defined as production of abnormally loose stools, with more…
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1. What is occult gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding and how does it differ from overt GI bleeding? Occult GI bleeding is microscopic blood loss from the GI tract that is not overtly or grossly apparent. It is typically detected by a…
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