Acknowledgment The author wishes to acknowledge the contribution of Dr. Donald D. Koblin to the previous edition of this chapter. Uses Fluoxetine, an SSRI, is one of the most commonly prescribed medications in USA. Prescribed for the treatment of depression,…
Uses EACA is a hemostatic agent used in the treatment of hyperfibrinolysis associated with excessive bleeding. Indications: Fibrinolytic bleeding associated with surgical complications following heart surgery (with or without CPB) and portacaval shunt; surgical hematuria (following prostatectomy and nephrectomy) or…
Uses Prescribed for pts with Htn, CHF, elevated ICP, edema, hemoglobinuria, low intraop UO, hyperkalemia, volume overload, and rhabdomyolysis. Mannitol may function as a renal preservative by free radical scavenging and toxin dilution. Fenoldopam is a selective dopamine-1 agonist. As…
Uses Rx as adjunctive therapy for prophylaxis of thromboembolism with cardiac valve replacement. Used for secondary stroke prevention (often combined with aspirin). Used in stress tests to evaluate for presence of coronary artery disease. Perioperative Risks Headache Plt dysfunction Hemorrhage…
Uses Treatment of CHF, atrial fibrillation, and flutter. Prevention of supraventricular arrhythmias following thoracotomy (controversial). Cardiac side effects: Arrhythmias and conduction disturbances. Noncardiac side effects: GI—anorexia, N/V, and abdominal pain; CNS—visual disturbances, headache, drowsiness, and confusion. Perioperative Risks Recent systematic…
Uses Stroke prevention in nonvalvular AFIB Thromboembolism prophylaxis after total hip and knee replacement Treatment and prevention of DVT and PE not related to surgery Worry About Contraindicated in pts with creatinine clearance less than 30 mL Use with other…
Uses Approved by the FDA in 1973 as the first prophylactic nonsteroidal drug available for treatment of chronic asthma. Alternative initial maintenance therapy for mild persistent and moderate persistent asthma. Preventative only; not effective during acute episodes of bronchospasm. Beneficial…
Uses Specifically indicated for treatment and relief of pain in acute attacks of gouty arthritis. Often effective in aborting an attack when taken at initial sign of discomfort. Not an analgesic and should not be used for other causes of…
Uses Cocaine (benzoylmethylecgonine) is a commonly abused stimulant drug isolated from leaves of the coca plant ( Erythroxylon coca ). Administered IV, to mucosa, “snorted,” or smoked (“crack”); lipophilic and crosses BBB. Extremely addictive; 5 million Americans are regular users…
Uses Phosphodiesterase inhibitor with antiplatelet aggregation and arteriolar vasodilator properties. Prescribed for intermittent claudication in pts with peripheral arterial disease. Lowers restenosis rates after peripheral endovascular procedures in Asian populations. Secondary prevention of cerebral infarction with less hemorrhagic conversion than…