Objectives This chapter will: 1. Describe the anatomic characteristics of the peritoneal dialysis system. 2. Discuss peritoneal microcirculation. 3. Explain the mesothelial membrane. 4. Discuss the dialysate compartment and the influence of different dialysate flow/dwell times on efficacy of treatment.…
Objectives This chapter will: 1. List the nomenclature related to extracorporeal renal replacement therapies. 2. Provide a detailed description of the main components and procedures of a treatment. 3. Define and characterize main extracorporeal therapies and techniques. This chapter reports…
Objectives This chapter will: 1. List the nomenclature related to extracorporeal renal replacement therapies. 2. Provide a detailed description of the performance characteristics of membranes and filters. 3. Define and characterize transmembrane transport of solutes and fluid. 4. Name methods…
Objectives This chapter will: 1. Summarize the major pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and physicochemical properties of antibiotics. 2. Discuss the impact of critical illness or impaired renal function on the pharmacokinetics of antibiotics. 3. Explain how continuous renal replacement therapy can affect…
Objectives This chapter will: 1. Describe different renal replacement strategies and their clinical effects on critically ill patients. 2. Review the benefits and side effects of continuous renal replacement therapies. 3. Compare the clinical effects of continuous therapies with those…
Objectives This chapter will: 1. Illustrate the engineering characteristics of high cutoff membranes. 2. Review the recent literature dealing the clearance effects of high cutoff membranes on large molecules. 3. Provide some practical suggestions on bedside management of septic patients…
Objectives This chapter will: 1. Assess the safety, feasibility, and technical considerations with use of pulse high-volume hemofiltration as an adjuvant therapy for critically ill patients with sepsis or septic shock. 2. Review the rationale for the use of pulse…
Objectives This chapter will: 1. Explain the rationale to use high-volume hemofiltration in the intensive care setting. 2. Provide the latest definition of high-volume hemofiltration. 3. Describe the related studies performed in the last 15 years and the recommendations based…
Objectives This chapter will: 1. Help the reader understand the concept of clearance and the manner in which it is applied to estimate dose of renal replacement therapy. 2. Describe the differences in the use of urea kinetic modeling (UKM)…
Objectives This chapter will: 1. Emphasize that clotting in the continuous renal replacement therapy circuit is complex and affected by many factors in the critically ill patient. 2. Explain that anticoagulant agents can prevent or delay clotting but are not…