Objectives This chapter will: 1. Present a rationale for use of modified ultrafiltration in pediatric cardiac surgery. 2. Review the pathophysiologic changes leading to the systemic inflammatory response syndrome with use of cardiopulmonary bypass. 3. Summarize the benefits of modified…
Objectives This chapter will: 1. Review the rationale for use of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in the management of inborn errors of metabolism. 2. Outline the practical considerations for use of CRRT in neonatal hyperammonemia as well as technical…
Objectives This chapter will: 1. Explain special issues related to use of renal replacement therapy for infants. 2. Identify specific risks and complications of renal replacement therapy in infants. 3. Highlight advantages and disadvantages of different renal replacement modalities for…
Objectives This chapter will: 1. Compare mortality rates observed in various critically ill pediatric populations in which acute kidney injury develops. 2. Analyze outcomes for children who acquire acute kidney injury in terms of need for renal replacement therapy. 3.…
Objectives This chapter will: 1. Describe the importance of providing adequate nutrition in critically ill children with acute kidney injury (AKI). 2. Provide an approach to assessment and monitoring of nutritional status in children with AKI and those treated with…
Objectives This chapter will: 1. Describe the pharmacokinetic alterations that occur in critically ill children with acute kidney insufficiency that may affect drug dosing. 2. Review the limitations of the various methods used to calculate drug doses in children receiving…
Objectives This chapter will: 1. Describe the clinical manifestation of pediatric multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), including pathogenetic pathways and specific pediatric MODS causes. 2. Detail theoretic mechanisms of organ damage and current literature available in this field. 3. Present…
Objectives This chapter will: 1. Outline the basic principles of continuous renal replacement therapy as they apply in pediatric patients. 2. Delineate the particular aspects of pediatric continuous renal replacement therapy that differ from adult continuous renal replacement therapy in…
Objectives This chapter will: 1. Review the cause of pediatric acute kidney injury, correlated with reversibility and outcome. 2. Outline the components of conservative management of pediatric acute kidney injury. 3. Present an approach to dialytic management of pediatric acute…
Objectives This chapter will: 1. Review the major causes of acute kidney injury in critically ill pediatric patients. 2. Describe pediatric acute kidney injury seen in different subpopulations, including infants in the postoperative period after corrective congenital heart surgery, stem…