Introduction Osteotomies around the knee play a pivotal role in the treatment and prevention of osteoarthritis. They are also used as concomitant procedures to other joint preservation techniques, such as meniscal transplantation and articular cartilage restoration, and in the treatment…
Introduction Patellar instability is a common cause of knee dysfunction in adolescents and young adults, with primary patellar dislocations occurring at an incidence of 42 per 100,000 person-years. Management after first-time dislocation can include conservative measures such as nonsteroidal antiinflammatory…
Background Focal articular cartilage lesions or defects are common in arthroscopic surgery of the knee. Chondral defects may occur as a result of overt trauma, but can also occur because of a de novo process such as osteochondritis dissecans (OCD).…
Introduction Chondral injuries are becoming an increasingly recognized cause of pain and disability in the knee. , When patients with focal symptomatic chondral defects fail nonoperative management, surgical intervention is offered. There are many options for surgical treatment of symptomatic…
Introduction Multiligament injuries can pose challenging scenarios in terms of treatment protocols because of the complex nature of the injury mechanisms and potential complications that may occur. A knee dislocation is defined as an episode where at least two of…
Introduction Research regarding the posterolateral corner (PLC) of the knee has significantly improved our understanding of the anatomy and biomechanics it encompasses, yielding vital information regarding the three major stabilizing structures of the PLC: the fibular (lateral) collateral ligament (FCL),…
Introduction The medial collateral ligament (MCL) is one of the most frequently injured ligaments of the knee. Earlier studies tended to focus primarily on injury to the MCL; however, recent anatomical and biomechanical work has outlined the importance of the…
Introduction Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injuries are most commonly encountered in the setting of multiligamentous knee injuries. Isolated injuries of the PCL are relatively less common by comparison. A prospective analysis by Fanelli found the rate of PCL injury among…
Introduction Although once thought to be uncommon, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are increasingly recognized in the pediatric and adolescent athletic population. In total, 12% to 36% of children and adolescents presenting with a hemarthrosis after a knee injury have…
Introduction The all-epiphyseal anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction techniques are efficacious alternatives to traditional ACL reconstruction (ACLR) techniques in skeletally immature patients. Current trends in pediatric orthopedics show the growing popularity of the all-epiphyseal ACLR. In a survey study of…