Objectives 1. Describe the neural control of heart rate. 2. Explain the role of preload in the regulation of myocardial contraction. 3. Describe the neural regulation of myocardial contraction. 4. Explain the effects of hormones on myocardial contraction. 5. Explain…
Objectives 1. Learn how the microscopic and gross anatomy of the heart enables it to pump blood through the systemic and pulmonary circulations. 2. Indicate how electrical excitation of the heart is coupled to its contractions. 3. Elucidate the main…
Objectives 1. Explain the basis of automaticity. 2. Describe the conduction of excitation through the heart. 3. Explain the basis of reentry. 4. Describe the components of the electrocardiogram. 5. Explain various cardiac rhythm disturbances. The Heart Generates its Own…
Objectives 1. Characterize the types of cardiac action potentials. 2. Define the ionic basis of the resting potential. 3. Define the ionic basis of cardiac action potentials. 4. Describe the characteristics of the fast- and slow-response action potentials. 5. Explain…
Objectives 1. Describe the general structure of the cardiovascular system. 2. Compare the compositions and functions of the blood vessels. 3. Compare the relationship of the vascular cross-sectional area to the velocity of blood flow in the various vascular segments.…