Disclosure Statement Dr. Laurencin is an owner of hot-bone, healing orthopedic technologies, natural polymer devices, and soft tissue regeneration. He receives royalties from Globus Inc. Dr Badon has no Disclosures. The field of regenerative engineering seeks to address the most…
Targeted Therapies in Orthopedic Oncology As we continue to learn more about the pathophysiology of bone and soft tissue neoplasms, we are presented with new molecular targets for treatment. No chapter on the use of biologics in musculoskeletal oncology would…
Introduction Fractures are a common cause of morbidity, lost productivity in the work force, and a significant driver of costs in the medical economy. Although exact numbers are difficult to identify, one Finnish registry study reported 53.4 fractures per 1000…
Role of Biologics in Achilles Tendinopathy Despite the Achilles tendon being one of the strongest tendons in the human body, it is one of the most frequently ruptured lower limb tendons and comprises roughly 20% of all large tendon injuries.…
Introduction As the medical community has developed a greater understanding of the critical steps necessary for tissue healing, biologics, both natural and synthesized, have become an important adjunct to many orthopedic procedures. Much research is underway to devise biologic strategies…
Introduction Peripheral nerve injuries remain a main source of morbidity and disability. Peripheral nerve injuries have life-altering impacts on the patients who suffer years of uncertainty while waiting for some level of recovery. Patients may be left with devastating sensory…
Bone Grafts and Substitutes Complex fractures, nonunions, or tumor resections can leave bone defects. Autologous bone grafts are effective fillers, carrying both osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties. However, autografts require harvesting, which lead to increased operative time as well as donor…
Introduction Although cartilage research has grown exponentially, basic science and clinical studies focusing on its foundation, namely the subchondral bone, have not received the same attention. The subchondral bone provides mechanical and biological support for the overlying articular cartilage, and…
Knee Anatomy and Biomechanics The knee joint is the largest and most complex joint in the human body. The ligaments of the knee, which provide structural stability to the joint, are particularly vulnerable to injury. The knee consists of two…
Introduction The development of osteoarthritis (OA) precipitates an irreversible cascade of degenerative changes affecting the hyaline articular cartilage. It is projected to affect more than 20% of adults in North America and Europe by 2020. The burden of disease of…