Introduction Foot and ankle problems are common complaints to the physician who cares for athletes. Most of these complaints can be attributed directly to the athlete’s training and competition with their sport. However, athletes are not immune from disease. Most…
Acknowledgment Dr. Porter would like to acknowledge the assistance in manuscript preparation from Anoka Padubidri, MD, orthopedic resident, Indiana University; and Madison Walrod and Nicole Heffern, students, Butler University. Introduction Tarsal tunnel syndrome (TTS) is classified as a focal compressive…
Introduction The tibialis posterior muscle and its tendon (PTT) play a vital role in most athletic activities. The tibialis posterior is the strongest inverter of the foot, it locks the triple joint during gait progression facilitating a rigid lever of…
Introduction The Achilles tendon is formed by a coalescence of fibers from the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. This complex spans both the knee and ankle joints, making it more susceptible to injury than muscles that span a single joint. The…
Rupture of the Anterior Tibial Tendon Anatomy The anatomy of the tendon makes it susceptible to degenerative rupture due to attrition under the extensor retinaculum. The healthy tendon passes under the medial compartment of the transverse and cruciate crural ligament,…
Introduction Injuries to the foot are common in the athletic population, accounting for approximately 16% of all sports injuries. Trauma to the tarsometatarsal (TMT) joints is the second most common injury pattern, second only to metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint injuries. The…
Introduction Fractures and dislocations of the foot are among the most common injuries in the musculoskeletal system. Sports-related lower limb fractures and dislocation are less frequent than those of the upper limb, but they are particularly problematic for athletes because…
Pearls 1. Subtle, unexplained pain in the foot or ankle in an athlete can be a stress fracture. 2. Stress fractures of the medial malleolus may be associated with pathologic varus coming from the knee, ankle, or hindfoot. If surgery…
Introduction Bone stress injuries (BSI) are common injuries of athletes. Much of the work in this chapter is based on our work with elite athletes over the last 13 years ( Box 4.1 ). Box 4.1 Elite Teams and Number…
Introduction Historical Perspective Stress fractures were first described in 1855 by Briethaupt, a Prussian military physician who observed foot pain and swelling in young military recruits unaccustomed to the rigors of training. He considered it to be an inflammatory reaction…