Acknowledgment The authors acknowledge the use of some of the material and illustrations from the previous edition of this text. Introduction Tumor diagnosis relies centrally on careful morphological examination, supplemented by the judicious use of immunohistochemistry. The information gleaned by…
Introduction The introduction of prognostic and predictive markers in immunohistochemistry (IHC) has made a tremendous beneficial impact on patient diagnosis and management. In the 1940s the demonstration of tissue constituents using an antibody labeled with a fluorescent dye was first…
Acknowledgments Thanks to Sebastian Brandner for providing us with his protocol for methylene blue-azure II-basic fuchsin staining and to Patrick Elliott of the Medical Illustration Department, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, for his illustration depicted in Fig. 18.1 . We are…
Acknowledgments The author would like to thank the following for their contributions to this chapter: Gayle Callis, for tape transfer photographs; and Chris Bull, for his expertise in CT and providing Fig. 17.14 . Introduction Bone is considered the most…
Introduction Microorganisms (or microbes) are organisms which can only be individually seen by microscopy. Many do not cause disease in humans and act as normal colonizers of human hosts. Complex interactions between pathogens, which are capable of causing diseases, the…
Acknowledgments Special thanks to friends, colleagues and patients at the National Amyloidosis Centre for their support and encouragement. Introduction History Amyloidosis is a disorder of protein folding, in which normally soluble proteins misfold and aggregate in a characteristic highly ordered…
Introduction In biology, pigments are defined as substances occurring in living matter which absorb visible light (electromagnetic energy within a narrow band which lies approximately between 400 and 800 nm). The various pigments may greatly differ in origin, chemical constitution…
Introduction This is a large group of compounds with the general formula C n (H 2 O) n . The role of carbohydrates in cellular metabolism has been known for many years but carbohydrates have more recently been implicated in…
Introduction During embryonic development, the ectoderm and endoderm are divided by a germ cell layer, the mesoderm or mesenchyme. The term mesenchyme comes from the Greek ‘mesos’ meaning middle and ‘enchyma’ meaning infusion. Connective tissues and muscle develop from the…
Introduction Transforming a tissue specimen from fixed material to stained sections is a multiple step process which began as separate manual tasks. Indeed, histology in the last century has been the slowest of the laboratory medicine departments to innovate and…