Atlas of Pediatric Echocardiography

Segmental approach to congenital heart disease

Historically, there have been two main schools of nomenclature of congenital heart defects, the foundations of which were laid in parallel by Robert Anderson from the United Kingdom and by Richard and Stella Van Praagh from the United States. For…

Normal transthoracic echocardiogram in a child

Transthoracic echocardiography is the first-line imaging modality for the diagnosis of congenital and acquired heart conditions in children. It allows a detailed morphological and functional examination of different cardiac structures. A standard echocardiographic study consists of two-dimensional (2D) imaging, motion…