Key points ▪ Preoperative recognition of anemia is essential to provide a systems approach to treatment. ▪ The decision to transfuse a patient with blood products should be based on the entire clinical picture and not the absolute laboratory value.…
Key Points ▪ Achondroplasia frequently makes airway management difficult for patients, and unstable cervical spine anatomy presents the risk of neurologic injury. Postoperative respiratory insufficiency may be a challenge. ▪ Behçet's disease is associated with a variety of cardiovascular diseases…
Key points ▪ Patients with muscular diseases have a postoperative pulmonary complication rate of 25% to 48%. Their inability to take deep inspirations and cough predisposes them to atelectasis and pneumonia. ▪ Muscular dystrophies have variable modes of inheritance and…
Key points ▪ Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies (HMSNs) are disorders of myelination of the peripheral nervous system resulting in progressive loss of motor and sensory function. ▪ In familial dysautonomia (HSAN-III), anesthesia management is directed at prevention and prompt…
Key points ▪ The presence of chronic or acute kidney disease has significant negative effects on surgical outcomes. Knowledge of key pathophysiologic aspects of glomerular and tubular disorders is a key component to optimal perioperative management of renal patients. ▪…
Key points ▪ Obesity is a common disease. The number of overweight, obese, and morbidly obese persons has increased alarmingly in the last three decades. ▪ Body mass index (BMI) is only one measure of obesity; some patients with high…
Key Points ▪ The liver receives a dual afferent blood supply; the portal vein provides 75% and the hepatic artery 25% of hepatic inflow. With differences in oxygen content, each source contributes about 50% of the liver's oxygen supply. ▪…
Key points ▪ Pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas have congenital and hereditary etiology, and patients are at risk for life-threatening rupture requiring surgery. ▪ Wegener's granulomatosis can affect any organ system, although renal and pulmonary involvement is most common; men ages 40…
Key points ▪ Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect requiring invasive treatment. ▪ With improved medical, surgical, and perioperative care, about 1 million children and 1 million adults now live with CHD. ▪ Although relatively uncommon…
Key points ▪ Even the most uncommon cardiac diseases are characterized by common and classifiable patterns of cardiac physiology and pathophysiology. ▪ Knowledge of disease effects on determinants of cardiac function allows the practitioner to select appropriate anesthetic drugs and…