Introduction In many epidemiologic studies, hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) has been found to disproportionately affect women of childbearing age. Nearly three-quarters of new diagnoses are in women, with the highest incidence in female patients aged 30 to 39. Furthermore, the reported…
Introduction Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) poses many challenges to patients, including delays in diagnosis, recurring pain, discomfort, and inadequate symptom coverage with conventional therapies. A survey study of 303 HS patients reported that half of HS patients using conventional therapies reported…
Introduction Long considered an orphan disease until recent years, hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is rapidly gaining attention in the healthcare field with a growing spotlight on investigating HS pathogenesis, epidemiology, and treatment options. To better navigate the expanding therapeutic options available,…
Introduction Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) has a convoluted history with conflicting bodies of knowledge and a complicated pathogenesis. Since HS was first described in the 19th century, it has taken on various names and treatment strategies, leading to further confusion among…
Key points A review of a variety of alternative therapies for atopic dermatitis (AD) is the focus of this chapter. Among those reviewed are acupuncture, cupping, and herbal therapies, which are common traditional Chinese therapies used by AD patients. We…
Key points Current first-line conventional treatments for atopic dermatitis include topical corticosteroids, emollients, and topical and/or systemic immunomodulators (e.g., dupilumab). However, a majority of patients with atopic dermatitis are interested in or have tried complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) approaches.…
Key points This chapter provides an overview of the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis and the key mediators that are of therapeutic interest. As we acquire more knowledge into the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis, we will be able to use more…
Key points The atopic march is a phenomenon characterized by progressive development of atopic dermatitis, food allergy, allergic rhinitis, and later asthma. The mechanism by which atopic dermatitis advances toward gastrointestinal or airway disease remains to be fully elucidated, but…
Key points The worldwide prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) has risen over recent decades, paralleling industrial and urban growth. Airborne pollutants induce oxidative damage at the skin interface with the outside world, setting in motion a cycle of inflammation, skin…