Tag Timothy R. Deer

Introduction The use of intrathecal (IT) therapies for the control of chronic pain has become an important part of the treatment algorithm for those who suffer with chronic disease. In the effort to control suffering, these therapies have been used…

Introduction Neuromodulation is an important therapy that modulates/modifies neural responses to a neural stimulus so the body has a different response at the peripheral, spinal, or brain level. Neuromodulation can be performed by electrical stimulation or by drug delivery. Intrathecal…

Introduction The use of neurostimulation to change the perception of pain and modulate neural responses has become an important part of the pain treatment continuum. Advocates herald neurostimulation as an important part of this continuum for intractable neuropathic and mixed-pain…