Shoulder Injuries Anatomy and Biomechanics The shoulder joint is composed of four articulations: the sternoclavicular, acromioclavicular, glenohumeral, and scapulothoracic that work together to allow smooth shoulder function. Together, they allow the shoulder joint to have the greatest range of motion…
Reconstructive Procedures of the Shoulder Prosthetic replacement of the glenohumeral joint has become accepted as a successful treatment for a variety of degenerative, traumatic, and posttraumatic conditions around the shoulder. Multiple studies with long-term follow-up have demonstrated improvements in pain…
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See also Video 7.1 . Total shoulder arthroplasty is a well-established procedure with an excellent long-term track record of pain relief and functional improvements. The primary indication for total shoulder arthroplasty is end-stage glenohumeral joint degeneration with an intact rotator…