The role of surveillance for permanent hemodialysis arteriovenous access, both autogenous (arteriovenous fistula [AVF]) and prosthetic (arteriovenous graft [AVG]), remains unresolved. Simplistically, clinical monitoring refers to the “examination and evaluation of vascular access by means of physical examination to detect…
The incidence of major above-knee amputation (AKA) and below-knee amputation (BKA) has been relatively stable over the past few decades, with approximately 60,000 procedures per year performed in the United States. It is not clear that the widespread implementation of…
Acute aortic occlusion is a true vascular emergency associated with significant morbidity and mortality secondary to the underlying etiology, the related comorbidities, and the ischemia–reperfusion injury resulting from revascularization. Indeed, the morbidity and mortality rates are comparable to those associated…
The perivisceral aorta can be involved in a variety of pathologic conditions. These diverse conditions include atherosclerotic occlusive disease of the aorta and its visceral branches, aneurysmal degeneration, trauma (both penetrating and blunt), and congenital problems (e.g., midabdominal coarctation). The…
Historical Background Embolectomy of the superior mesenteric artery for acute mesenteric ischemia was suggested by Ryvlin in 1943 and Klass in 1951, with the first successful embolectomy reported by Shaw and Rutledge in 1957. The feasibility of performing synchronous superior…
Introduction Mesenteric ischemia is a generic term that implies inadequate blood flow to the intestines. It is relevant from a clinical standpoint as two separate disease processes: acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) and chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI). Although the underlying process…