Congenital Depressions Congenital depressions of the calvaria result from mechanical factors that occur before or during birth. During labor, calvarial depressions are caused by excessive localized pressure on the head by the bony prominences in the maternal pelvis, including the…
Anatomy At birth, the mandible consists of two lateral halves united in the midline at the symphysis by a bar of cartilage ( Fig. 22.1 , e-Fig. 22.2 , and Fig. 22.3 ). Bony fusion of the symphysis usually occurs…
Primary Neoplasms Primary neoplasms of the skull are rare. The most common lesions in children with a solitary nontraumatic lump on the head are dermoid tumors (61%), cephalhematomas (9%), Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) (7%), and occult meningoceles and encephaloceles (4%).…
The clinical and radiologic features of craniosynostosis result from lack of sutural formation or premature fusion across membranous sutures. The premature sutural closure prevalence is displayed in e-Table 20.1 . Normal sutures permit skull growth perpendicular to their long axes.…
Anatomy of the Skull The skull is divided into three portions: the neurocranium, the face, and the base. The neurocranium is composed of the membranous portions of the occipital, parietal, frontal, and temporal bones, and is bounded inferiorly by the…