Introduction Over the past 20 years, surgical treatment of primary and secondary malignancies involving the arteries and veins has become more aggressive. This is due in part to careful patient selection, improvement in surgical techniques and critical care, and the…
Introduction Vascular tumors are different from malformations in that they have proliferative endothelium, while malformations occur from abnormal tissue growth as the child grows and has quiescent endothelium. Both primary vascular tumors and vascular malformations may look similar, raised or…
Primary and secondary tumors of the vena cava are rare and often malignant. They either originate in the vein wall, invade the walls secondarily, or grow within the vena cava as tumor thrombus. They can cause extrinsic compression of the…
Subclavian and axillary artery aneurysms account for less than 1% of all peripheral artery aneurysms. Among 1488 patients with atherosclerotic aneurysms reported from the University of Michigan by Dent and colleagues in 1972, only two subclavian and no axillary artery…
Historical Background The first direct venous reconstruction using a saphenous vein graft for “postphlebitic stasis” was reported in 1954 by Warren and Thayer. In the late 1950s and 1960s venous reconstructions for benign occlusions using a cross-pubic venous bypass were…