Synopsis ■ The goal of orthognathic surgery is to establish ideal dental occlusion with the jaws in a position that optimizes facial form and function ■ The Le Fort I osteotomy, bilateral mandibular sagittal split osteotomy, and osseous genioplasty are…
Key points • Facial contour and highlighting makeup (CHM) creates the illusion of light and shadow to produce the effects of projection and recession, respectively, changing perceived facial anatomy. • The majority of vertical disproportions of the face occur in…
Key points • Look at the patient: Your eye is the best tool to evaluate both the premorbid injury as well as your repair. It is imperative that you learn how to really “see” the anatomy and appreciate the subtle…
Key points • Accurately identify the etiology of the asymmetry. • Ensure that facial growth is complete before definitive treatment. • 3D photographic imaging is an invaluable tool to educate the patient regarding the clinical findings and the anticipated outcome.…
Key points • The male skull is longer and broader compared with the female skull, whereas the female skull has a more pointed chin and tapered jaw. • Frontal bossing of the male skull generally extends from the region of…
Key points • Structural fillers are very useful in Asian patients to create an oval face with a tapered lower facial third. • Blunt injection cannulas have been associated with a lower risk of embolus formation and less pain and…
Key points • Augmentation, feminization, masculinization, and other adjustments to the cranium can be done with implants, osteotomies, hydroxyapatite bone cements, and autogenous bone grafts. Soft tissue can further be augmented with fat grafting, filler materials, or free tissue transfer.…
Key points • Osseous genioplasty is a more versatile procedure compared with chin implant surgery. • The chin can be advanced, set back, narrowed, widened, lengthened, shortened, centered, and leveled with genioplasty. • Osseous genioplasty gives the surgeon control of…
Key points • Skeletal discrepancies leading to malocclusion are frequently treated with compensatory orthodontics. • Dental compensation of skeletal discrepancies frequently leads to facial imbalance. • Camouflage procedures may be an option to restore facial harmony without the need for…
• Orthognathic surgery should achieve a functional occlusion while optimizing facial form. • Aesthetic facial analysis takes priority over cephalometric norms when developing the treatment plan. • Treatment plans should be designed that will optimally support the soft tissue as…