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Introduction Franz Torek performed the first successful esophagectomy in 1913, after 30 years of dismal results without any survivors. Improvements in technique and patient care have reduced morbidity and mortality; however, esophagectomy remains a high-risk procedure because of the challenging…
The term pneumothorax was first coined by Jean Marc Gaspard Itard in 1803, when he called attention to five cases in which free air was found in the thorax after trauma. Derived from the Greek words pneuma (air) and thorakos…