The prevalence of ischemic heart disease and atherosclerotic vascular disease in the United States increases significantly with age ( Fig. 5.1 ). By some estimates, 30% of patients who undergo surgery annually in the United States have ischemic heart disease.…
The prevalence of ischemic heart disease and atherosclerotic vascular disease in the United States increases significantly with age ( Fig. 5.1 ). By some estimates, 30% of patients who undergo surgery annually in the United States have ischemic heart disease.…
Risk Long bone fractures and pelvic fractures: 80–100% fat embolism Less than 1–30% FES Male-female ratio: 4:1 Adult greatly increased over pediatric Multiple fractures >single fractures Pathologic fractures >traumatic fractures Total hip, total knee replacement, intramedullary nailing: 27–100% fat embolism…
Risk Typically seen in pts with type I diabetes mellitus; can occur in pts with ketosis-prone type II diabetes. Stress related to acute infection, trauma, surgery, MI, pulm embolism, pancreatitis, alcohol abuse, stroke, emotional trauma, or drugs (steroids, thiazides, sodium-glucose…