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Key Points Spontaneous intraventricular hemorrhages (IVHs) occur most commonly as extensions of parenchymal/deep hypertensive hemorrhages. Other causes can include aneurysmal rupture extension, most commonly from anterior communicating artery locations and fourth ventricular hemorrhages for posterior circulation aneurysmal rupture or arteriovenous…
Key Points Dural arteriovenous malformations or fistulas (DAVM/F) consist of pathologic arteriovenous shunting occurring within the dural leaflet, with secondary involvement of the cerebral venous circulation. The vast majority of these lesions are acquired with possible secondary causes including hypercoagulability,…