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LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1. Review the advantages that mitral valve repair confers over mitral valve replacement in degenerative disease. 2. Discuss the preoperative and intraoperative assessment of the mitral valve used in determining candidacy for valve repair. 3. Describe how disease…

Introduction This chapter deals with abnormalities of position and connection of the major systemic venous channels that drain to the heart. We also discuss abnormal persistence of the valves of the embryonic systemic venous sinus. The anomalies included vary widely,…