Pharyngitis refers to inflammation of the pharynx, including erythema, edema, exudates, or an enanthem (ulcers, vesicles). Pharyngeal inflammation can be related to environmental exposures, such as tobacco smoke, air pollutants, and allergens; from contact with caustic substances, hot food, and…
Acknowledgment The authors acknowledge use of substantial material from this chapter in the previous edition. Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is synonymous with Streptococcus pyogenes, the only species in this group of β-hemolytic streptococci. GAS is a leading pathogenic bacterium affecting…
Acute pharyngitis is one of the most common illnesses for which children and adults in the US seek medical care. There were approximately 10.4 million visits to physician offices for pharyngitis in 2016. It is estimated that a rapid antigen…