Synopsis ■ The profunda artery perforator (PAP) flap is a favorable flap for autologous breast reconstruction, leaving a donor scar in the upper medial thigh, depending on design. ■ Preoperative imaging with computed tomography angiography or magnetic resonance angiography is…
Introduction The female breast is a defining characteristic of femininity, and its distortion or absence may result in significant quality of life impairment and psychological distress. As a result, a variety of surgical techniques have been developed for reconstruction of…
Introduction The superior gluteal myocutaneous free flap was first described by Fujino in 1975 for breast reconstruction. In 1978, Le Quang performed the first breast reconstruction with an inferior gluteal myocutaneous free flap. Shaw popularized the myocutaneous superior gluteal artery…
Introduction Breast reconstruction is a common challenge faced by many surgeons working in the plastic and reconstructive arenas. There are various options for autologous breast reconstruction. The more commonly performed procedures include the deep inferior epigastric perforator flap (DIEP) and…