KEY POINTS 1. The fetal-neonatal immune system becomes activated at birth to play a role in host defense and eliminate environmental pathogens but also to tolerate self-antigens, nutrients, and commensals. 2. The innate immune system is comprised of neutrophils, the…
KEY POINTS 1. Anemia is an abnormal, and an unhealthy, reduction in the blood hemoglobin concentration or the hematocrit. There are limitations in our current definitions of anemia, which are based on “reference intervals” constructed from clinically obtained laboratory tests,…
Key Points Pluripotential stem cells sustain hematopoietic function throughout a person's lifetime; the fate of developing cells is influenced by the microenvironment. The site of erythropoiesis changes over development, progressing from the yolk sac to the aortogonadomesonephron, to the liver,…