Image-guided ablation techniques have evolved considerably during the past 25 years and are increasingly used in the definitive treatment of small primary and secondary liver tumors. Image-guided ablation is recommended as the best therapeutic choice for patients with early-stage hepatocellular…
Abbreviations AFP α-fetoprotein CEA carcinoembryonic antigen CRP C-reactive protein CT computed tomography FNH focal nodular hyperplasia Gd-BOPTA gadobenate dimeglumine GGT γ-glutamyl transpeptidase HCA hepatocellular adenoma HCC hepatocellular carcinoma HNF1α hepatocyte nuclear factor 1α HUMARA human androgen receptor assay IL-6 interleukin…
Thermal ablation includes several different energy-based therapeutic modalities, all united in exposing tumoral lesions to cytotoxic temperatures, with consequent induction of cell death while preserving normal liver parenchyma. These features have promoted their widespread use in the management of liver…