Tag Reid A. Waldman MD

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Onychomycosis Douglas Albreski Clinical features A fungal infection of the nail, referred to as “onychomycosis” or “tinea unguium,” is an infection of the nail in which the organism changes the structure and shape of the nail plate, leading to thickening,…

Melanonychia Brett Sloan Clinical features Melanonychia is dark brown or black pigmentation on the nail plate. There are numerous causes, the most concerning being melanoma of the nail unit. Melanonychia can present as diffuse darkening of the nail plate or,…

Alopecia areata Rana Abdat Clinical features Alopecia areata (AA) is a common cause of hair loss that affects men and women equally and can affect patients of all ages. AA is the second most common cause of nonscarring hair loss…

Androgenetic alopecia Clinical features Androgenetic alopecia (AGA; also known as “female-pattern hair loss” and “male-pattern baldness”) is the most common type of hair loss in both men and women. It is caused by androgen-mediated effects on hair follicles, which result…

Basal cell carcinoma Aziz Khan, Jonas Adalsteinsson, and Hao Feng Clinical features Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the skin is the most common type of skin cancer. It is most common in Caucasians and uncommon in individuals with darker skin…

Lichen simplex chronicus Clinical features Lichen simplex chronicus (LSC; also known as “neurodermatitis”) is a common secondary skin condition characterized by the development of thickened plaques with accentuated skin lines (i.e., lichenification). LSC is caused by chronic scratching or rubbing.…

Seborrheic keratoses Layla Kazemi and Afton Chavez Clinical features Seborrheic keratoses (SKs) are common benign skin lesions found in nearly all older individuals. They typically begin to appear during the fourth decade of life and then continue to develop throughout…

Acne Payal Shah and Nikita Lakdawala Clinical features Acne is most commonly located on the face, neck, back, upper chest, and upper arms where pilosebaceous units are most densely concentrated. Acne most commonly affects adolescents. Adult women have a predisposition…

Pityriasis alba Elizabeth Dupuy and Preeti Jhorar Clinical features Pityriasis alba is a benign inflammatory skin condition that presents with poorly circumscribed hypopigmented oval or round macules, patches, or thin plaques. Pityriasis alba is generally asymptomatic; patients may seek medical…