Key points Echocardiography is the primary modality for determining the morphology of the aortic valve and the cause and severity of dysfunction. In addition to symptoms, quantitative echocardiographic evaluation of left ventricular size and systolic function is key in clinical…
Introduction Since the development and implantation of the first transcatheter pulmonic and aortic valves, there has been a rapid acceptance of transcatheter valve implantation as a solution to high-risk or inoperable patients with severe, symptomatic valve disease. Randomized trials have…
LEARNING OBJECTIVES Transesophageal echocardiography is the imaging modality of choice to evaluate the mitral valve complex prior to transcatheter interventions A comprehensive assessment of the mitral valve for interventions includes defining the morphology, etiology, and severity of disease Quantifying mitral…
Tricuspid valve (TV) disease or dysfunction is classified as primary (i.e., intrinsic) valve pathology or secondary. , Secondary or functional tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is the most common cause of TR and represents an important unmet treatment need given its prevalence,…
Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has proven utility in a number of clinical scenarios, including the operating room, intensive care unit, and outpatient setting. The rapid growth of structural heart disease interventions has led to a greater appreciation of the role of…