Key points Chronic pulmonary hypertension (cPH), a severe form of pulmonary vascular disease, is characterized by a sustained and progressive elevation of pulmonary vascular resistance, pulmonary artery pressures, and resultant exposure of the right ventricle to high afterload. cPH most…
Key points Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) is a modality that employs the Doppler effect to assess muscle wall characteristics throughout the cardiac cycles including velocity, displacement, deformation, and event timings. Two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2DSTE) is a non-Doppler technique that…
† Deceased. Introduction Understanding the cardiovascular physiology of a neonate with a cardiac malformation requires consideration of many factors, including myocardial systolic and diastolic function; intravascular volume; cardiac and vascular transmural pressures; the pattern of intracardiac blood flow with shunting…