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Objectives This chapter will: 1. Provide an overview of the stress response. 2. Review changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis during critical illness. 3. Review stress hyperglycemia. 4. Review stress hyperlactemia. 5. Describe the sick euthyroid/low T3 syndrome. 6. Describe changes…
Aspiration is defined as the misdirection of oropharyngeal or gastric contents into the larynx and lower respiratory tract. The consequent pulmonary syndromes that follow depend on the quantity and nature of the aspirated material, frequency and chronicity of aspiration, and…