Key Points While risk of bleeding of an unruptured brain arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is close to 2%, rupture rate of a previously ruptured AVM is considerably higher; thus, treatment of the latter is in most cases indicated whereas treatment of…
Introduction Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a disorder characterized by symptoms secondary to increased intracranial pressure (ICP) with no clear identifiable cause. It is therefore a diagnosis of exclusion and necessitates the exclusion of differential diagnoses of increased ICP (i.e.,…
Traumatic head and neck vascular injuries such as dissections, transections, pseudoaneurysms, arteriovenous fistulae, and large artery occlusions are relatively uncommon but can result in potentially devastating stroke, severe blood loss, and even exsanguination and death. Rapid, early diagnostic imaging followed…
The types of masses encountered in the head and neck are diverse, as are their appropriate treatments. Some benign head and neck lesions are treated primarily by surgical means without endovascular intervention. For example, when possible, hemangiomas are commonly excised…
Chronic cerebral ischemia may be the result of extracranial carotid or vertebral stenosis and/or intracranial arterial stenosis. This chapter focuses on intracranial arterial stenosis as well as extracranial vertebral artery stenosis. For an in-depth discussion of extracranial carotid stenosis, please…
Stroke is the leading cause of disability and the third leading cause of death in the United States, with a prevalence of 2.7%. The landscape of acute stroke treatment has changed dramatically in the last 5 years. Since the publication…
Stroke represents the fifth leading cause of death in the United States, with an incidence of 1.5 deaths per thousand people. Of the more than half-million strokes occurring annually, occlusive disease of the extracranial circulation is responsible for approximately 30%.…