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Local tumor control is now achieved with modern combined-modality therapy. Metastatic disease, therefore, dominates the survival outcomes of patients with cancer. Metastases to the bone, lung, liver, and brain cause organ dysfunction and pain, with substantial changes in quality of…
Introduction and General Considerations Statement of the Problem Incidental irradiation of normal tissues is unavoidable during radiotherapy. The primary determinants of injury are the radiation dose (total dose and dose per fraction) and the volume of normal tissue irradiated. Additional…