Acknowledgments Andrew K. Sands would like to acknowledge the assistance of Edmund Choi, MD, with this chapter. Indications Equinus contracture/tight calf is typically an associated condition of a primary diagnosis of a bunion and may exacerbate the bunion problem. In…
Indications Displaced intraarticular calcaneus fractures Simpler patterns Early fixation Patients at high risk for wound healing complications with extensile approaches including smokers, diabetics, and those with medical comorbidities Indications Pitfalls Inexperience with calcaneus fracture reduction techniques Fractures treated beyond 2–3…
Indications Intraarticular calcaneal fractures with ≥2 mm step off of the posterior facet, and intraarticular calcaneal fractures with Böhler angle <15° on lateral radiographs of the foot or ankle Contraindications: vascular insufficiency, poorly controlled diabetes, smokers, and noncompliant patients Relative…
Indications Lisfranc/tarsometatarsal (TMT) injuries with instability and displacement Indications Pitfalls Displaced injuries lead to midfoot arthritis and often require later reconstruction with midfoot fusion. Indications Controversies ORIF versus immediate fusion. In the cervical spine, if one is treating a purely…
Indications Moderate to severe foot deformity, including Hallux valgus with metatarsus primus varus Hypermobility of the medial column Pes plano abductovalgus Examination/Imaging Physical Examination Upon weight bearing, hallux valgus is observed toward a more severe deformity. Proper examination of the…